Working principle: Use clamps to mount the workpiece firmly on the workbench to ensure that the workpiece will not be displaced or shaken during processing. Programming control: The operator writes processing programs through the CNC system according to the machining requirements of the workpiece, and sets information such as tool path, cutting parameters, etc. 7. Tool selection and replacement: The CNC system automatically selects the appropriate tool according to the machining program, and controls the tool magazine and robot to install the tool on the spindle1. Machining motion: The spindle rotates at high speed under the drive of the motor, and the workbench moves in the X, Y, and Z axes according to the established path under the control of the CNC system to realize the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece, thereby completing the cutting and machining task. Auxiliary function control: During the processing process, the CNC system will also control the cooling system, lubrication system, chip removal system and other auxiliary systems to provide necessary support for the processing process.
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Vertical layout: The spindle is perpendicular to the ground, and the workpiece is clamped on the workbench. The workbench distributes the weight to the lathe body. Compared with the horizontal lathe, it is more suitable for processing large, heavy-duty and larger diameter disc and ring parts, such as automobile wheel hubs, large flanges, etc., which can effectively carry the weight of the workpiece and ensure processing stability 3. High-strength structural parts: High-strength cast iron is usually used to make bases, columns and other components, which have good stability and earthquake resistance, can withstand large cutting forces and vibrations during processing, ensuring processing accuracy and machine tool life. Separated components: Some CNC vertical lathes adopt separate cooling water tanks, oil-water separation structures, etc., which are easy to clean and maintain, keep the cooling water clean, and extend the service life of the cooling system 1. High-precision machining: equipped with high-precision ball screws, special bearings for screws and precision spindle systems. Some also use advanced technologies such as static pressure guides, which can accurately control the relative movement of the tool and the workpiece.
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The milling and turning compound center uses the combined movement of milling cutter rotation and workpiece rotation to achieve cutting of the workpiece. Instead of simply combining the two machining methods of turning and milling on a machine tool, it completes the processing of various surfaces based on turning and milling compound movement, involving new cutting theories and techniques. Structural characteristics: Multi-axis linkage: usually have linear motion axes such as X, Y, and Z axes, as well as rotating axes such as A, B, and C. For example, the common five-axis milling and turning compound machining center has five axes: X, Y, Z, A, and C. It can achieve complex spatial surface processing and special-shaped machining through multi-axis linkage. Power tool holder: Different from the turret tool holder of ordinary CNC lathes, the turret tool holder in the milling and turning compound center has power tools, which can perform various machining operations such as milling and drilling. High-precision spindle: It adopts a high-precision embedded spindle, which can provide stable rotation accuracy and cutting power, ensuring machining quality and efficiency1. Rotating table: equipped with rotatable
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Workpiece clamping and positioning: The workpiece is placed on the machine tool workbench and clamped by clamping. The machine tool positioning system such as optical tool adjuster and probe are used to ensure the accurate position in the machine tool coordinate system. CNC system setting parameters: including machine tool coordinate system settings, cutting condition settings, spindle speed settings, etc., and are adjusted according to workpiece materials, shapes, sizes and processing requirements to achieve the best processing effect. Writing and loading programs: Use CAM software to write processing programs according to workpiece drawings and processing technology requirements, load the program into the CNC system through communication interfaces or USB flash drives, control the movement and cutting actions of each axis of the machine tool, and realize automatic processing. Tool selection and replacement: According to processing requirements, the tool is taken out from the tool magazine through the automatic tool changing device of the machine tool and installed on the spindle to achieve rapid tool change. Cutting operation and monitoring: CNC system controls parameters such as spindle speed, feed speed and cutting depth for stable cutting, while monitoring the system
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